online certification in Python<\/strong> gives you a competitive edge.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\nCore Python OOPs Concepts Explained<\/h2>\n\n\n\n1. Classes and Objects<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
A class is a template, while an object is an instance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nclass Student:\n def __init__(self, name, course):\n self.name = name\n self.course = course\n\n def display_info(self):\n print(f\"Student: {self.name}, Course: {self.course}\")\n\n# Creating an object\nstudent1 = Student(\"Rahul\", \"Python OOPs\")\nstudent1.display_info()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nOutput:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Student: Rahul, Course: Python OOPs\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nThis is the foundation of OOPs, and mastering it is crucial in any Python certification course.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. Encapsulation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Encapsulation hides data and ensures controlled access.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class BankAccount:\n def __init__(self, balance):\n self.__balance = balance # private variable\n\n def deposit(self, amount):\n self.__balance += amount\n\n def get_balance(self):\n return self.__balance\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nThis ensures security\u2014just like real-world banking applications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Inheritance<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Inheritance allows new classes to reuse existing ones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class Vehicle:\n def __init__(self, brand):\n self.brand = brand\n\n def show_brand(self):\n print(f\"Brand: {self.brand}\")\n\nclass Car(Vehicle):\n def __init__(self, brand, model):\n super().__init__(brand)\n self.model = model\n\n def show_details(self):\n print(f\"Car: {self.brand}, Model: {self.model}\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nWith inheritance, developers can extend existing systems without starting from scratch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. Polymorphism<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Polymorphism allows multiple classes to share the same interface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class Dog:\n def sound(self):\n return \"Bark\"\n\nclass Cat:\n def sound(self):\n return \"Meow\"\n\ndef make_sound(animal):\n print(animal.sound())\n\nmake_sound(Dog())\nmake_sound(Cat())\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nThis feature is widely used in AI models, simulations, and APIs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5. Abstraction<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Abstraction hides complex logic and exposes only the necessary part.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod\n\nclass Shape(ABC):\n @abstractmethod\n def area(self):\n pass\n\nclass Circle(Shape):\n def __init__(self, radius):\n self.radius = radius\n\n def area(self):\n return 3.14 * self.radius * self.radius\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nThis helps developers work with simplified interfaces, making projects easier to manage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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