{"id":2624,"date":"2020-04-21T20:32:51","date_gmt":"2020-04-21T15:02:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.h2kinfosys.com\/blog\/?p=2624"},"modified":"2020-04-21T20:35:03","modified_gmt":"2020-04-21T15:05:03","slug":"jdbc-architecture-driver-types","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.h2kinfosys.com\/blog\/jdbc-architecture-driver-types\/","title":{"rendered":"JDBC architecture & Driver Types"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Java Database Connectivity<\/a> is a standard Java API specifying interfaces for connectivity between the Java applications and a wide range of databases. The JDBC contains methods to connect to a database server, send queries to create a table, update, delete, insert records in a database,\u00a0 retrieve and process the results obtained from a database. <\/span>Nowadays, there are a lot of frameworks that are built for easier work with databases. But they contain the JDBC under the hood.<\/span><\/p>\n

Java Database Connectivity supports two-tier and three-tier architectures to access a database. They are also called as processing models for database access. Let’s look closer at them.<\/span><\/p>\n

Two-tier Architecture<\/b><\/p>\n

In this kind of architecture, a java application is directly communicating with a database. It requires one of the specific Java Database Connectivity drivers to connect to a specific database. All queries and requests are sending by the user to the database and results are receiving back by the user. The database can be running on the same machine. Also, it can be on a remote machine and to be connected via a network. This approach is called a client-server architecture.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Three-tier Architecture<\/b><\/h4>\n

In the three-tier model, there is no direct communication. First of all, all requests and queries are sent to the middle tier. A middle tier can be a browser with a web page or desktop application, that sends a request to the java application. After that request is sent to the database. The database processes the request and sends the result back to the middle tier. And the middle tier then communicates with the user. This model has better performance and simplifies application deployment.<\/span><\/p>\n

All of these different executables are able to access a database with the use of a JDBC <\/a>driver as a middle tier: Java\u00a0 Desktop Applications, Java Applets, Java Servlets, Java Server Pages (JSPs), Enterprise JavaBeans (EJBs).<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

For the two-tier model and the three-tier model, JDBC has two main layers:<\/span><\/p>\n

JDBC API (an application-to-JDBC Manager connection), JDBC Driver API (this supports the JDBC Manager-to-Driver Connection).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0The JDBC driver manager and database-specific drivers provide the possibility to connect to heterogeneous databases. The function of the JDBC driver manager is to ensure that the correct driver is used to access each database. The driver manager is capable to support more than one driver. And the drivers can be concurrently connected to multiple different data sources.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

For example, your application can connect to the Oracle database and MySQL database at the same time. The connections will be created by the use of different drivers. You can read data from the Oracle database and insert it into MySQL and vise versa.<\/span><\/p>\n

JDBC Drivers Types<\/b><\/p>\n

There are different JDBC driver implementations, because of the wide variety of operating systems and hardware platforms. There are 4 driver types:<\/span><\/p>\n