Boost your career with our comprehensive Salesforce Interview Questions & Answers guide! This resource is designed to help you master essential Salesforce concepts, from basics like CRM and objects to advanced topics like Apex, Visualforce, and Lightning components. Whether youтАЩre a beginner or an experienced professional, these carefully curated questions and expert-approved answers will sharpen your knowledge and boost your confidence. Prepare for real-world scenarios, crack tough interviews, and secure top roles in the Salesforce ecosystem. Start your journey to success today with this powerful guide and stand out in your next Salesforce interview!
Here Popular Salesforce Interview Questions & Answers
1я╕П. What is Apex in Salesforce? How is it different from Java?
Answer:
Apex is an object-oriented, strongly typed, proprietary programming language developed by Salesforce, specifically for customizing and extending Salesforce functionalities.
Differences from Java:
- Apex runs in a multi-tenant environment, meaning code must be optimized for shared infrastructure.
- Apex is database-integrated тАФ SOQL (Salesforce Object Query Language) is built-in.
- Governor limits control resource usage.
Real-time Example:
A developer writes an Apex Trigger on the Opportunity object to automatically create a Task when an OpportunityтАЩs stage is changed to “Closed Won.”
2я╕П. What are Governor Limits in Salesforce?
Answer:
Governor Limits are SalesforceтАЩs way to ensure efficient resource utilization in a multi-tenant environment. They enforce limits like maximum SOQL queries (100 per transaction) or maximum CPU time (10,000ms) to prevent monopolization.
Real-time Example:
If a developer tries to execute 200 SOQL queries inside a for-loop, Salesforce will throw a “Too many SOQL queries: 101” error.
3я╕П. What is a Trigger? Explain different types of Triggers.
Answer:
A Trigger is Apex code that executes before or after specific DML (Data Manipulation Language) operations on a Salesforce object.
Types of Triggers:
- Before Triggers (before insert, before update)
- After Triggers (after insert, after update)
Real-time Example:
An after insert Trigger on Account creates a related Contact automatically upon Account creation.
4я╕П. What is SOQL? How is it different from SOSL?
Answer:
SOQL (Salesforce Object Query Language) fetches records from a single object or related objects.
SOSL (Salesforce Object Search Language) searches text, email, and phone fields across multiple objects.
Real-time Example:
- SOQL: SELECT Name FROM Account WHERE Industry=’IT’
- SOSL: FIND ‘Smith’ IN ALL FIELDS RETURNING Contact(Name), Account(Name)
5я╕П. What is a Lightning Web Component (LWC)?
Answer:
Lightning Web Component is a modern Salesforce framework built on web standards (ES6, HTML5, CSS3) to create reusable, performant UI components.
Real-time Example:
A developer builds an LWC to display a real-time list of Opportunities closing this month, with filtering and sorting functionality.
6я╕П. What are Custom Metadata Types? How are they useful?
Answer:
Custom Metadata Types allow developers to define custom configurations that can be deployed and packaged like metadata, not data.
Real-time Example:
An ISV developer stores API endpoint URLs for different environments (Sandbox, Production) in Custom Metadata rather than hardcoding them in Apex.
7я╕П. What is the difference between a Role and Profile?
Answer:
- Profile: Defines object-level permissions (CRUD), field-level security, Apex classes, etc.
- Role: Defines record-level visibility via the role hierarchy.
Real-time Example:
A Sales Manager Profile gives access to edit Opportunities. Their Role allows them to view Opportunities owned by their subordinates.
8я╕П. What are Batch Apex and its advantages?
Answer:
Batch Apex allows processing of large datasets in manageable chunks asynchronously.
Real-time Example:
A batch job updates 1 million Contact records to normalize phone number formats.
9я╕П. Explain Future Methods in Salesforce.
Answer:
Future methods enable asynchronous processing to execute long-running operations in the background.
Real-time Example:
A developer calls a future method to make an external API call to update shipment status after an Order is confirmed.
10. What is Test Class in Salesforce?
Answer:
Test Classes verify that Apex code works as expected and ensure minimum 75% code coverage before deployment.
Real-time Example:
A developer writes a Test Class to validate that an Opportunity trigger creates a Task when stage = Closed Won.
11я╕П. What is the difference between With Sharing and Without Sharing?
Answer:
- With Sharing: Respects record-level security and sharing rules.
- Without Sharing: Ignores sharing rules; runs in system mode.
Real-time Example:
A utility Apex class retrieving company-wide configuration can be run without sharing.
12я╕П. What is an Apex Transaction?
Answer:
An Apex transaction is a single unit of work that executes all Apex code within the same context. All DML operations are committed or rolled back together.
Real-time Example:
An Opportunity Trigger inserts a Task and updates a Contact both succeed or fail together.
13я╕П. What is Dynamic SOQL?
Answer:
Dynamic SOQL lets developers build SOQL queries at runtime as strings.
Real-time Example:
A search feature allows users to enter a field value, and the Apex dynamically queries matching Accounts.
14я╕П. What is a Wrapper Class?
Answer:
A Wrapper Class is a custom class containing multiple data types or objects for complex data handling.
Real-time Example:
A developer uses a Wrapper Class to display a list of Accounts with a checkbox on a Visualforce page.
15я╕П. What is a Junction Object?
Answer:
A Junction Object implements a many-to-many relationship between two objects.
Real-time Example:
The Enrollment object links Students and Courses in an Education app.
16я╕П. What are Validation Rules?
Answer:
Validation rules ensure data quality by enforcing custom logic during data entry.
Real-time Example:
A Validation Rule prevents an Opportunity close date from being earlier than today.
17я╕П. How does @AuraEnabled annotation work?
Answer:
@AuraEnabled exposes Apex methods or properties to Lightning Components.
Real-time Example:
An Apex method returns a list of top 5 Leads to a Lightning Component dashboard using @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true).
18я╕П. What is the use of Apex Scheduler?
Answer:
Apex Scheduler allows running Apex classes on a schedule (like a CRON job).
Real-time Example:
A scheduler sends monthly customer invoices automatically on the 1st of every month.
19я╕П. Explain Relationship Queries in SOQL.
Answer:
Relationship Queries allow fetching parent-child or child-parent data using dot notation or subqueries.
Real-time Example:
SELECT Name, (SELECT LastName FROM Contacts) FROM Account fetches Account names and their Contacts.
20я╕П. How do you handle Exceptions in Apex?
Answer:
Use try-catch blocks to gracefully handle exceptions and log errors.
Real-time Example:
A developer wraps an external web service call in a try-catch and logs CalloutException details in a Custom Object called Error_Log__c.
